Frank Chapot has been breaking horses for more than 40 years. I was lucky enough to work along side him this September backing and starting the four youngsters at Chado. I will start by saying, what an experience!
Once the babies are weaned they are put out together in a side field that butts up to the path where most of the action happens at the farm. They see us walking from the barn to the indoor with all the horses we ride and the tractor is constantly going back and forth. So although they aren’t handled much, they are exposed to plenty. They are halter broke soon after they are weaned and Steve Bostwick, farrier/cowboy/naughty horse trainer, helps give them some basic ground manners. He is very patient yet very stern. He trims their feet every so often and will spend extra time with the youngsters if they are too unruly. If a colt shows too much aggression, the Chapot’s cut them fairly early (this is typically the case:).
This batch of yearlings are a particularly well mannered bunch, I’m told. There are 3 fillies and 1 colt (now gelded). Hannah is by Orlando and out of their retired jumper mare, CZ, Heidi is by Quite Easy out of their retired jumper mare, Samantha, Helga (I’m not sure of her sire:/) is out of Laura’s retired jumper mare, Sprite, and Havoc (the colt) is by Brat Z and out of their retired jumper mare, Star Twist.
Once we were done with the last of the away shows we started working with them. That made them about a year and a half as we started backing them. I understand not everyone will agree with starting them so young but they are by no means small and unsteady, I am a fairly small jocky at a fit 5’2″, and we do not do much with them. We worked them 5 or 6 days a week for less than 3 weeks and only rode them for an average of about 10 minutes a session.
On the first day I was amazed… We caught them one at a time, brought them into a stall, attached a bit (a snaffle with dangling pieces hanging from the middle) to their halter and put it in their mouth. They were so distracted by playing with the bit that none of them hardly reacted at all to the saddle pad rubbing on them, settling on their back, the small racing saddle next, then the girth going on, loose at first of course. Frank was watching and instructing from the door as Kaitlyn, my co worker at the time, held them as I put the tack on. Once the girth was on she walked them a few circles and we slowly tightened the girth. I’m telling you, NONE of them freaked out. Super calm, maybe their heads lifted and ears flicked back as we tightened the girth but never a kick, buck, and no leaping forward. Once they seemed cool with their tack I would pat on the saddle and pull the stirrups down and they walked a few more circles. Then Frank instructed Kaitlyn to give me a leg up…. Would you even believe me if I said none of them cared one bit?! I was perfectly confident and calm as was Kaitlyn which I think is very key. Up and over I went and Kaitlyn proceeded to walk me around a few circles in either direction. Once they walked confidently without stopping around the circles, Frank told me to hop down and back up again if they seemed nervous at all about me bouncing next to them, then down to the indoor we went.
We always had a lunge line attached to the bit and carried a whip. Frank or I would follow close behind with a whip as we walked to the indoor to insure they kept moving forward. Just as a side note… This has all happened within about 10 minutes. Also keep in mind these babies are bred very well, are super smart, and I wouldn’t say this is the best program for every youngster but it sure did work for these babies!
Once in the indoor the lunging began. For those of you who aren’t aware of Frank Chapot’s history, he was a student of the very famous horseman, Bert de Nemethy. Ground work was very important and Frank has obviously spent a lot of time on the end of a lunge line. If you haven’t already, I recommend reading The de Nemethy Method. Although Kaitlyn or I were typically the ones to lunge the yearlings, Frank would instruct us or step in and take over himself when needed. Let me tell you, the man is almost 80 years old but he has STILL got it! The babies caught on fairly quickly how to trot a circle around us but I have also seen Frank lunge a VERY naughty pony who wanted to either stop and face you or run your ass over and he was able to get that thing moving around the circle like a champ in no time!
We would keep them on a short line and encourage them to move around the circle with the whip trailing behind them. The basic body position and quick reaction is very important. You must stay behind their shoulder and keep driving them forward. You keep the line fairly taught at first so their head is being pulled slightly inward, making them circle rather than drag you out the door in a straight line:) Using your voice, cluck to go (enforced with the whip) and “whoa” to slow down (enforced with a strong tug on the lunge line) is simple and easy for them to understand with little repetition. Frank always puts down a very very low cavalletti, a pole literally 3 inches off the ground. Every now and then they would knock their feet on the heavy rail and what I believe Frank was trying to accomplish was to make certain they were sure footed. If they tripped with a person on their back you would want them to feel confident about how to stay on their feet. It also makes them careful because I’m sure it didn’t feel that great whacking their dainty little legs on that fat rail.
Again, all of them were so good with everything. Only one, Helga, was tough to lunge and lead around. She wanted to be in your personal space way too much and wasn’t sensitive enough to the whip or an elbow to the chest. Steve stepped in with Helga as my ground person and all it took was one session with him on the ground and me on her back and we had a baby who understood her space versus our space.
We lunged them until they were comfortable continuing around the circle over the pole at the trot, whoaing and going forward on command. We then lead them over to the mounting block which was next to the wall. This made it easy for us to make them stand next to the block because they didn’t have space to swing around. Some of them took a few times circling around the block and halting before they didn’t want to walk forward out of the tighter space. I would step up on the block confidently yet smoothly, pat them, the saddle, flap the stirrups, reach over and pat the other side of the saddle, put my foot in and out of the stirrup, put weight in the stirrup, lifting myself up and down next to them, put my hip in the saddle with my foot in the stirrup, and when they seemed fine with all that, up and over I went. I would sit very softly and slowly down on them as to not startle them with my weight but they didn’t care. Hannah was most concerned about me touching her from up on the block so we took longer with her but she soon relaxed and didn’t care at all as I swung my leg over and sat down on her back.
From there I would get on and off a couple of times. Once settled, Kaitlyn would lead me in a small circle around the block and I would get on and off again. Two of them were confident enough Frank has Kaitlyn lead me out to the lunging circle and around a few times, returning to the block to dismount and finish for the day.
So to recap, day 1; bit, saddle, mounting, lunging, and leading with rider on. Holy crap these babies were smart! Frank is sure not to spend too much time doing one thing so they do not get bored and figure out how to be naughty. They are so young at this point they don’t even really know what naughty is. Perfect:)
In the next few days we repeated the same process in the stall and at the mounting block but continued out onto the lunging circle. Kaitlyn would lunge me on them at the walk and we would try and let them break into the trot on their own for a couple steps and stop them. Once they showed they were comfortable carrying my weight at the trot, we would let them continue at the trot around the circle and over the cavaletti with me sitting the trot then posting here and there to get them used to me moving around. I literally was a passenger though. They were very reliant on Kaitlyn telling them what to do from the ground. Gradually I started to pick up the reins and help steer them a little more but I still had Kaitlyn attached in case they didn’t understand. No leg pressure involved what so ever. All just balance and clucking and whoaing.
Most of them were ready by the 2nd day for me to be let off the lead and walk around the ring with Kaitlyn close by with the whip to help keep them moving forward. By the 3rd or 4th day they were all walking and trotting around the ring with me, Kaitlyn in the center of the ring. We would reverse direction across the diagonal. Some took a little more encouragement to keep going in the new direction but they were all pretty smart about it. We would always return to the mounting block (safety zone) if they seemed upset, get on and off a few times and return to the rail for a lap or two and finish. We always finished on a confident, in charge note. This is basically all we did for the next 3 weeks. They became more and more confident with steering, my leg along with the cluck meaning go and a slight feel of their mouth with a “whoa” meaning slow down.
I fell off of 3 out of the 4, once each:) Each was the same situation. As they became more confident carrying me around they would start to get bored and distracted. They might hear their friends calling for them and want to run to them but OOPS there is a person on me and OMG now I’m a little freaked so they would have a fearful, out of control moment and without much for me to hang on to, I’d flip off. Again, nothing too terrible and I got right back on each time and got them around the ring confidently before we quit, making sure not to push them past their limit. We ended with them all being so easy around the ring. It was an awesome feeling.
Once we were finished with the youngsters they were turned back out and there they will stay until we return in the Spring from FL. I can’t wait to see how much they remember.
Soon after we finished breaking the yearlings, a very special horse returned to the farm… Gem Twist’s clone, Gemini. That’s a whole other exciting experience I will soon share in my next post!